Vane pumps

Vane Pumps

Vane pumps are used in hydraulic power systems as well as in the transportation of industrial fluids. They find application, for example, in hydraulic circuits of construction machinery, machine tools, hydraulic presses, and lubrication systems. Vane pumps move fluid by means of the radial motion of vanes located in the rotor slots, which maintain contact with the internal surface of the stator ring. Their operation is based on the change in volume of the working chambers formed between the vanes during the rotor rotation.

The pumps consist of rotors mounted eccentrically within the housing, which contains flow channels. The rotors have slots that hold movable vanes made from highly wear-resistant materials such as tool steel or carbide. During rotor rotation, the vanes move radially, adjusting to the varying contour of the stator ring, creating chambers with changing volumes. The increasing volume draws in fluid, while the decreasing volume pumps it into the system.

How Are Vane Pumps Constructed?

Vane pumps have a relatively simple design. The main components are:

• Housing – the casing with the working chamber, ensuring tightness and directing the fluid flow. The rotor is mounted inside the housing.
• Rotor – a rotating component eccentrically mounted relative to the housing. It has radial slots for the vanes and is driven by an electric motor.
• Vanese – sliding elements that move within the rotor slots. They are pressed against the stator ring walls by springs, centrifugal force, or fluid pressure. Their motion is responsible for fluid suction and discharge.

Due to their specific construction, vane pumps are best suited for pumping fluids with high cleanliness and lubricating properties. They are most often used for transporting oils, greases, and high-viscosity process fluids. The presence of contaminants can cause rapid wear of vanes and guides, while lack of lubrication may result in mechanical seizure.

How Do Hydraulic Vane Pumps Work?

Vane pumps can be coupled with electric or combustion engines, which drive the rotor.

Thanks to their simple design, quiet operation, and steady flow, hydraulic vane pumps are indispensable where stable operating conditions and high reliability are required. In hydraulic power systems, they serve as pressure sources in drive systems of industrial, construction, mining, and agricultural machinery. They also perform excellently in transporting lubricating oils in machine tools, compressors, and industrial engines. We invite you to explore our range of reliable vane pumps!